2019年5月13日至17日，联合国贸易法委员会（“UNCITRAL”）第六工作组第35届会议将在纽约召开，并将讨论船舶司法拍卖相关跨境问题和着手编拟船舶司法拍卖文书草案。中国海商法协会（协会）将委派协会副会长李海博士以及大连海事大学朱作贤教授代表协会参加本次会议。

随着海运船舶的专业化、巨型化发展，由商业银行提供买船或造船的资金并使商业银行对有关的船舶享有担保物权以提升其信贷资金的安全性，已经成为发展现代航运不可或缺的融资模式。而船舶司法出售的国际承认问题则是关涉这一融资模式的有效性及其命运的不可或缺的重要法律制度之一。

船舶司法出售的国际承认问题，最早系由时任国际海事委员会（CMI）执行委员的李海博士（协会副会长）于2007年在CMI执行委员会的一次工作会议上提出，进而成为CMI的一个课题。CMI成立工作组后，经多次研究、审议、修改之后于2012年10月在北京初步通过了《关于外国司法出售船舶及其承认的国际公约草案》，该草案并命名为《北京草案》。后，经2013年CMI爱尔兰会议以及2014年CMI德国会议讨论，最终通过了《关于外国司法出售船舶及其承认的国际公约草案》，并保留了《北京草案》的名称。如果《北京草案》能最终成为国际公约并最终被命名为“北京公约”或“北京规则”，将是第一个以中国大陆城市命名的国际海事公约。

在此过程中，协会一直致力于参与并推进《北京草案》公约化进程。协会专门成立了工作组，由最高人民法院民四庭王淑梅庭长担任工作组组长，来自高校、律所、企业等行业代表作为工作组成员，共同研究讨论，根据CMI发来的公约草案议案发表于我国有利的意见和观点。其中多数意见被最终通过的公约草案采纳。

为加快《北京草案》公约化事宜， CMI于2014年开始与诸多国际组织联系，希望推动《北京草案》公约化进程。在此过程中，协会积极与相关部门保持沟通联系，并派代表分别出席2016年6月国际海事组织（IMO）法委会103次会议、2017年7月UNCITRAL国际会议等。最终，在2018年UNCITRAL会议上通过了将《北京草案》公约化事宜提到UNCITRAL工作日程的决定，并于当年11月确定由其第六工作组具体承办。

协会工作组专此在北京召开工作会议，来自司法、船舶登记、船东、金融租赁（抵押权人）、高校、律所等相关部门和单位的专家分别从各自领域的专业角度出发，就《北京草案》的条款是否需要修改或完善提出具体意见，并通过讨论初步形成了我们就《北京草案》内容的原则立场以及基本态度。

 （会议资料，请点击“阅读原文”转至UNCITRAL中文官方网站下载）

附：《北京草案》中英文条文

《关于船舶外国司法出售及其承认的国际公约草案》

Draft International Convention on Foreign Judicial Sales of Shipsand their Recognition

本公约缔约国，

The States Parties to the presentConvention,

认识到根据海运业和船舶融资的需要，必须坚持把船舶司法出售当作担保和执行海事赔偿请求及强制执行针对船舶所有人的判决或仲裁裁决或其他可执行文书的一种有效方式；

RECOGNIZING that the needs of the maritimeindustry and ship finance require that the Judicial Sale of Ships is maintainedas an effective way of securing and enforcing maritime claims and theenforcement of judgments  or arbitralawards or other enforceable documents against the Owners of Ships;

担心预期购买人对船舶司法出售的国际承认及登记的注销或转让所持的任何不确定均可能会给船舶在司法出售中的变现价格产生损害相关利害人的不利影响；

CONCERNED that any uncertainty for theprospective Purchaser regarding the international Recognition of a JudicialSale of a Ship and the deletion or transfer of registry may have an adverseeffect upon the price realized by a Ship sold at a Judicial Sale to thedetriment of interested parties;

深信应向司法出售中的船舶购买人提供必要和充分的保护，将相关当事人所可利用的救济措施限定于对司法出售的有效性和船舶物权的后续转让提出质疑；

CONVINCED that necessary and sufficientprotection should be provided to Purchasers of Ships at Judicial Sales bylimiting the remedies available to interested parties to challenge  the validity of the Judicial Sale and the subsequent transfers of the ownership inthe Ship;

考虑到船舶一经司法出售予以出售，原则上就不再会因为司法出售前产生的任何赔偿请求而遭扣押；

CONSIDERING that once a Ship is sold by wayof a Judicial Sale, the Ship should in principle no longer be subject to arrestfor any claim arising prior to its Judicial Sale;

又考虑到对船舶司法出售予以承认的目的是，必须在可能限度内，就司法出售通知、出售法律效力及船舶的注销或登记颁布统一的规则。

CONSIDERING further that the objective ofRecognition of the Judicial Sale of Ships requires that,  to the extent possible, uniform  rules areadopted with regard to the notice to be given of the Judicial Sale, the legaleffects of that sale and the deregistration or registration of the Ship.

兹商议如下：

HAVE AGREED as follows:

第1条.定义

Article 1. Definitions

在本公约中：

For the purposes of this Convention:

(a)“证书”是指第5条所述正式签发的文件原件或其认证副本；

(a)“Certificate” means the original dulyissued document, or a certified copy thereof, as provided for in article 5;

(b)“担保”包括任何担保、船舶留置权、留置权、产权负担、赔偿请求、船舶扣押、扣押、保留权或可能对船舶主张的任何各类和任何方式的任何其他权利；

(b)“Charge”includes any charge, MaritimeLien, lien, encumbrance, claim,arrest, attachment, right of retention or anyother rights whatsoever and howsoever arising which may be asserted against theShip;

(c)“清洁物权”是指若非由任何购买人承担则不附带任何抵押或担保的物权；

(c)“Clean Title”means a title free and clearof any Mortgage/Hypothèque or Charge unless assumed by any Purchaser;

(d)“主管机构”是指根据司法出售国法律有权经由司法出售出售或转让或下令出售或转让享有清洁物权的船舶的任何人、法院或主管机构；

(d)“Competent Authority” means any Person,Court or authority empowered under the law of the State of Judicial  Sale tosell or transfer or order to be sold or transferred, by a Judicial Sale, a Shipwith Clean Title;

(e)“法院”是指根据其所在国法律设立并有权决定本公约所涉事项的任何司法机构；

(e)“Court” means any judicial bodyestablished under the law of the State in which it is located and empowered todetermine the matters covered by this Convention;

(f)“日”指日历日；

(f)“Day” means calendar day;

(g)“利害关系人”是指紧邻船舶司法出售前的船舶所有人或司法出售前船舶所附带的已登记抵押权或已登记担保权的持有人；

(g)“Interested Person”means the Owner of aShip immediately prior to its Judicial Sale or the holder of a registeredMortgage/Hypothèque or Registered Charge attached to the Ship immediately priorto its Judicial Sale;

(h)“司法出售”是指主管机构通过公开出售或私人条约或司法出售国法律规定的任何其他适当方式出售船舶，购买人据此获得对船舶的清洁物权，并将出售收益提供给债权人；

(h)“Judicial Sale”means any sale of a Shipby a Competent Authority by way of public auction or private treaty or anyother appropriate ways provided for by the law of the State of Judicial Sale bywhich Clean Title to the Ship is acquired by the Purchaser and the proceeds ofsale are made available to the creditors;

(i)“海事留置权”是指根据国际私法规则所可适用的司法出售国法律而被承认为船舶上的船舶留置权或海上优先权的任何赔偿请求；

(i)“Maritime Lien”means any claim  recognized as a maritime lien or privilègemaritime on a Ship by the  law applicablein accordance with the private international law rules of the State of JudicialSale;

(j)“抵押”是指在登记国对船舶进行的获得根据国际私法规则可予适用的司法出售国法律所承认的任何抵押；

(j)“Mortgage/Hypothèque” means  any mortgage or hypothèque effected  on a Ship in the State of  Registration and  recognized as such by the lawapplicable in accordance with the private international law rules of the Stateof Judicial Sale;

(k)“所有人”是指在登记国船舶登记处被登记为船舶所有人的任何人；

(k)“Owner” means any Person registered inthe register of ships of the State of Registration as the owner of the Ship;

(l)“人”是指无论是否系法人的任何个人或合伙企业或任何公共或私人机构，包括国家或其任何组成部分；

(l)“Person”means any individual orpartnership or any public or private body, whether corporate or not, includinga state or any of its constituent subdivisions;

(m)“购买人”是指根据司法出售获得船舶所有权或意图获得船舶所有权的任何人；

(m)“Purchaser”means any Person who acquiresownership in a Ship or who is intended to acquire ownership in a Ship pursuantto a Judicial Sale;

(n)“承认”是指缔约国应接受船舶司法出售的效力，一如其在司法出售国的效力；

(n)“Recognition”means that the effect of theJudicial Sale of a Ship shall be accepted by a State party to be the same as itis in the State of Judicial Sale;

(o)“已登记担保”是指作为司法出售标的在船舶登记处记入在册的任何担保；

(o)“Registered Charge” means any Chargeentered in the registry of the Ship that is the subject of the Judicial Sale;

(p)“登记官”是指登记国或光船租赁登记国的登记官或在必要情况下的同等官员；

(p)“Registrar”means the registrar orequivalent official in the State of Registration or the State of BareboatCharter Registration, as the context requires;

(q)“船舶”是指根据司法出售国法律能够成为司法出售对象的任何船只或其他船只；

(q)“Ship”means any ship or other vesselcapable of being an object  of  a Judicial Sale under the law of the State ofJudicial Sale;

(r)“登记国”是指船舶司法出售之时在其船舶登记处对船舶所有权办理登记的国家；

(r)“State of Registration”means the State inwhose register of ships ownership of a Ship is registered at the time of itsJudicial Sale;

(s)“司法出售国”指通过司法出售出售船舶的国家；

(s)“State of Judicial Sale” means the statein which the Ship is sold by way of Judicial Sale;

(t)“光船租赁登记国”是指在相关租赁期内允许对其承租人租用的光船办理登记并赋予该光船临时悬挂其国旗的权利的国家；

(t)“State of Bareboat CharterRegistration”means  the  State which granted registration and theright to fly temporarily its flag to a Ship bareboat chartered-in by acharterer in the said State for the period of the relevant charter;

(u)“后续购买人”是指经由购买人取得船舶所有权转让的任何人；

(u)“Subsequent Purchaser”means any Person towhom ownership of a Ship has been transferred through a Purchaser;

(v)“未清偿个人债务”是指债权人向对债务负有个人责任的任何人提出的赔偿请求额，该赔偿请求额是在偿付债权人继司法出售和因司法出售而实际收到的收益份额后仍未支付的部分。

(v)“Unsatisfied Personal Obligation”meansthe amount of a creditor’s claim against any Person personally liable on anobligation, which remains unpaid after application of such creditor’s share ofproceeds actually received following and as a result of a Judicial Sale.

第2条.适用范围

Article 2. Scope of application 

本公约应适用于在一国进行的司法出售足以在另一国得到承认的条件。

This Convention shall apply to theconditions in which a Judicial Sale taking place in one State shall besufficient for recognition in another State.

第3条.司法出售通知书

Article 3. Notice of Judicial Sale.

1. 在司法出售之前，司法出售国主管机关或导致司法出售的诉讼一方或多方当事人应视情根据司法出售国法律，向以下人员发送以下通知：

1. Prior to a Judicial Sale, the followingnotices, where applicable, shall be given,in accordance with the law of theState of Judicial Sale, either by the Competent Authority in the State ofJudicial Sale or by one or more parties to the proceedings resulting in suchJudicial Sale, as the case may be, to:

(a)登记国船舶登记处的登记官；

(a)The Registrar of the Ship’s register inthe State of Registration;

(b)任何已登记抵押或已登记担保的所有持有人，先决条件是它们已在允许公众查阅的登记国船舶登记处记录在册，登记册摘要和这类文书的副本均可向登记官索取；

(b)All holders of any registered Mortgage/Hypothèqueor Registered Charge provided that these are recorded in a ship registry in aState of Registration which is open  topublic inspection, and that extracts from the register and  copies of such instruments are obtainablefrom the registrar;

(c)任何船舶留置权的所有持有人，先决条件是进行司法出售的主管机关已经收到有关其各自赔偿请求的通知；及

(c)All holders of any Maritime Lien,provided that the Competent Authority conducting the Judicial Sale has receivednotice of their respective claims; and 

(d)船舶所有人。

(d)The Owner of the Ship.

2.如果有待司法出售的船舶悬挂光船租赁登记国的国旗，本条第1款要求的通知也应发送给该国船舶登记处的登记官。

2.If the  Ship subject to Judicial  Sale is flying the flag of  a State ofBareboat Charter Registration, the notice required by  paragraph 1 of this article shall also begiven to the Registrar of the Ship’s register in such State.

3. 本条第1款和第2款要求的通知应当至少在司法出售前的30天发送，并且至少应当包含以下信息：

3. The notice required by paragraphs 1 and 2of this article shall be given at least 30 Days prior to the  Judicial  Sale and  shall contain, as  a minimum,  the  following information:

(a)载入登记国（如有的话）和光船租赁登记国（如有的话）登记记录（如有的话）的船舶名称、国际海事组织编号(如获分配的话)及船舶所有人和光船承租人（如有的话）的名称；

(a)The name of the Ship, the IMO number (ifassigned) and the name of the Owner and the bareboat charterer (if any), asappearing in the registry records (if any) in the State of Registration (ifany) and the State of Bareboat Charter Registration (if any);

(b)司法出售的时间和地点；或在不能确定司法出售时间和地点情况下的司法出售大致时间和预期地点，应在得知司法出售实际时间和地点后，但无论如何应在司法出售前至少7天发送额外通知；及

(b)The time and  place of  the Judicial  Sale; or if the time and place of the Judicial Sale cannot be determined with certainty,the approximate time and anticipated place of the Judicial Sale which shall befollowed by additional notice of the actual time and place of the Judicial Salewhen known but, in any event, not less than 7 Days prior to the Judicial Sale;and

(c)有关司法出售的或应由诉讼主管机关确定的导致司法出售的诉讼细节足以保护有权接收通知的人的利益。

(c)Such particulars concerning the JudicialSale or the proceedings leading to the Judicial Sale as the Competent Authorityconducting the proceedings shall determine are sufficient to protect theinterests of Persons entitled to notice.

4. 本条第3款所述通知应当是书面通知，并且应当以不妨碍或不严重拖延司法出售相关程序进行的以下方式发送：

4. The notice specified in paragraph 3 ofthis article shall be in writing, and given in such a way not to frustrate orsignificantly delay the proceedings concerning the Judicial Sale:

(a)经由挂号邮件、快递或任何电子方式或其他适当方式将该通知发送给第1款和第2款所述的人；及

(a)Either by sending it by registered mailor by courier or by any electronic or other appropriate means to the Persons asspecified in paragraphs 1 and 2; and

(b)由司法出售国发布公告和需要时根据司法出售国法律另行公告或以其他方式另行发布。

(b)By press announcement published in theState of Judicial Sale and in otherpublications published or circulatedelsewhere if required by the law of the State of Judicial Sale.

5. 本条概不妨碍缔约国遵守其在本公约生效之日前同意受其约束的任何其他国际公约或文书。

5. Nothing in this article shall prevent aState Party from complying with any other international convention orinstrument to which it is a party and to which it consented to be bound beforethe date of entry into force of the present Convention.

6. 在确定需要向其发送通知的任何人的身份或地址时，其他当事人和主管机关可以完全依赖登记国登记处所载信息或在可适用情况下依赖光船登记国提供的或依照第3(1)(c)条所可提供的信息。

6. In determining the identity or address ofany Person to whom notice is required to be given other parties and theCompetent Authority may rely exclusively on information set forth in theregister in the State of Registration and if applicable  in the State of Bareboat Registration or asmay be available pursuant to article 3(1)(c).

7.1.根据本条可采用必须向其发送通知的人所同意的任何方式发送通知。

7.Notice may be given under this article byany method agreed to by a Person to whom notice is required to be given. 

第4条.司法出售的效力

Article 4. Effect of Judicial Sale

1. 在不违反以下条件的情况下：

1. Subject to: 

(a)司法出售之时船舶实际处于司法出售国管辖范围内；及

(a)The Ship  being  physically within  the jurisdiction of theState  of Judicial Sale, at the time ofthe Judicial Sale; and

(b)司法出售是根据司法出售国法律和本公约规定进行的，司法出售前在船舶上存在的任何所有权及全部权利和利益都将予以消灭，若非购买人承担的任何抵押或担保都将不再附着于船舶，购买人应获得对船舶的清洁物权。  

(b)The Judicial Sale having been conductedin accordance with the law of the State of Judicial Sale and the provisions ofthis Convention,any title to and  allrights and interests in the Ship existing prior  to its  Judicial Sale shall  be extinguished andany Mortgage/Hypothèque or Charge, except as assumed by the Purchaser, shallcease to attach to the Ship and Clean Title to the Ship shall be acquired bythe Purchaser.

2. 虽有上款的规定，依照第6条第1款进行的司法出售或注销不得使任何权利归于消灭，包括但不限于对未清偿个人债务的任何赔偿请求权，除非由司法出售所得收益予以清偿。

2. Notwithstanding the provisions of thepreceding paragraph, no Judicial Sale or deletion pursuant to paragraph 1ofarticle 6 shall extinguish any rights including, without limitation, any claimfor Unsatisfied Personal Obligation, except to the extent satisfied by theproceeds of the Judicial Sale.

第5条.司法出售证书的签发

Article 5. Issuance of a Certificate ofJudicial Sale

1. 如果通过司法出售的方式出售船舶，且司法出售国法律和本公约要求的条件均已得到满足，主管机关应根据购买人请求向购买人签发记录以下情况的证书：

1. When a Ship is sold by way of JudicialSale and the conditions required by the law of the State of Judicial Sale andby this Convention have been met, the Competent Authority shall, at  the request of the Purchaser, issue aCertificate to the Purchaser recording that: 

(a)船舶已根据所述国法律出售给购买人，而不连带并非由购买人承担的任何抵押或担保；及

(a)The Ship has been sold to the Purchaserin accordance with the law of  the saidState and the provisions of this Convention free of any Mortgage/Hypothèque orCharge, except as assumed by the Purchaser; and

(b)司法出售前在船舶上存在的任何所有权及全部权利和利益都将予以消灭。

(b) Any title to and all rights andinterests existing in the Ship prior to its Judicial Sale are extinguished.

2.证书应大体按照所附范本的形式签发，并应包含以下最低限度的细节：

2.The Certificate shall be issuedsubstantially in the form of the annexed model and shall contain the followingminimum particulars:

(a)司法出售国；

(a)The State of Judicial Sale;

(b)签发证书的主管机关的名称、地址及其如能提供的联系方式；

(b)The name, address and, unless not available, the contact details of the Competent Authority issuing the Certificate;

(c)购买人获得清洁物权的地点和日期；

(c)The place and date when Clean Title wasacquired by the Purchaser;

(d)船舶名称、国际海事组织编号或独特编号或字母及船籍港；

(d)The name, IMO number, or distinctivenumber or letters, and port of registry of the Ship;

(e)所有人的姓名、地址或住所或主要营业地及其如能提供的联系方式；

(e)The name, address or residence orprincipal place of business and contact details, if available, of the Owner(s);

(f)购买人姓名、地址或住所或主要营业地点及其联系方式；

(f)The name, address or residence orprincipal place of business and contact details of the Purchaser;

(g)由购买人承担的任何抵押或担保；

(g)Any Mortgage/Hypothèque or Charge assumedby the Purchaser;

(h)证书签发地点和日期；及

(h)The place and date of issuance of theCertificate; and

(i)签名、盖章或其他对证书真实性的确认。

(i)The signature, stamp or otherconfirmation of authenticity of the Certificate.

第6条.船舶的注销和登记

Article 6. Deregistration and registrationof the Ship

1. 在购买人或后续购买人出示根据第5条签发的证书后，在司法出售前对船舶办理登记的船舶登记处的登记官应注销若非由购买人承担的任何已登记抵押或已登记担保，并按照购买人的指示，以购买人或后续购买人的名义对船舶办理登记，或在登记处注销该船舶，并为办理新的登记的目的签发注销证书。

1. Upon production by a Purchaser orSubsequent Purchaser of a Certificate issued in accordance with article 5, theRegistrar of the Ship’s registry where the Ship was registered prior to itsJudicial Sale shall delete any registered Mortgage/Hypothèque or RegisteredCharge, except as assumed by the Purchaser, and either register the Shipin  the name of  the Purchaser  or Subsequent Purchaser, or delete the Ship from the register and issue acertificate of deregistration for the purpose of new registration, as thePurchaser may direct.

2. 如果该船舶在司法出售时悬挂光船租赁登记国的国旗，在购买人或后续购买人出示根据第5条签发的证书后，该国的船舶登记官应在登记处注销该船舶，并签发一份证书，内容大意为关于允许该船登记并临时悬挂该国国旗的许可已予撤销。

2. If the Ship was flying the flag of aState of Bareboat Charter Registration at the time of the Judicial Sale, uponproduction by a Purchaser or Subsequent Purchaser of a Certificate issued inaccordance with article 5, the Registrar of the Ship’s registry in such Stateshall delete the Ship from the register and issue a certificate to the effectthat the permission for the Ship to register in and fly temporarily the flag ofthe State has been withdrawn.

3. 如果第5条所涉证书并非以上述登记处所在国官方语文签发，登记官可以要求购买人或后续购买人提交译成这类语文的证书经正式认证的译文。

3. If the Certificate referred to in article5 is not issued in an official language of the State in which theabove-mentioned register is located, the Registrar may request the Purchaser orSubsequent Purchaser to submit  a dulycertified translation of  the Certificateinto such language.

4. 登记官也可以要求购买人或后续购买人提交上述证书的正式认证副本以供其记录在册。

4. The Registrar may also request thePurchaser or Subsequent Purchaser to submit a duly certified copy of the saidCertificate for its records.

第7条.对司法出售的确认

Article 7. Recognition of Judicial Sale

1. 在不违反第8条规定的前提下，缔约国的法院应根据购买人或后续购买人的申请，承认在根据第5条签发了证书的任何其他国家进行的司法出售具有以下效力：

1. Subject to the provisions of  article 8,  the  Court of  a State Party shall, on theapplication of a Purchaser or Subsequent Purchaser, recognize a Judicial Saleconducted in any other  State  for which  a Certificate has beenissued in accordance with article 5, as having the effect:

(a)购买人已获得清洁物权，并且在司法出售之前存在的对船舶的任何所有权及全部权利和利益均已消灭；及

(a)That Clean Title has been acquired by the Purchaser and any title to and allthe rights and interests in the Ship existing prior to its Judicial Sale  have been extinguished; and

(b)船舶已经在不具有并非购买人承担的任何抵押或担保的情况下出售。

(b)That the Ship has been sold free of anyMortgage/Hypothèque or Charge, except as assumed by the Purchaser.

2. 如果以司法出售方式出售的船舶因在司法出售前发生的赔偿请求而被缔约国法院下令扣押或已被扣押，法院应驳回、撤销或拒不接受购买人或后续购买人出示根据第5条签发的证书而提出的扣押申请或解除对船舶扣押的申请，除非扣押当事人是利害关系人，并提供显示第8条所述任何情况存在的证据。

2. Where a Ship which was sold by way of aJudicial Sale is sought to be arrested or is arrested by order of a Court in aState Party for a claim that had arisen prior to the Judicial Sale, the Courtshall dismiss, set aside or reject the application for arrest or release the Ship from arrest upon productionby the Purchaser or Subsequent Purchaser of a Certificate  issued   in accordance  with article 5, unlessthe arresting party is an Interested Person and furnishes proof evidencingexistence of any of the circumstances provided for in article 8.

3. 如果船舶在一国通过司法出售方式予以出售，对司法出售提出质疑的任何法律诉讼都只应当向司法出售国主管法院提出，非司法出售国主管法院外的任何其他法院都无权受理对司法出售提出质疑的任何诉讼。

3. Where a Ship  is  sold by  way  of Judicial Sale  in a State,  any legal proceeding challenging the Judicial Sale shall  be brought only before a competent  Court of the State  of Judicial  Sale and no Court other  than  a competent Court of  the State ofJudicial  Sale shall have jurisdiction toentertain any action challenging the Judicial Sale.

4.除利害关系人外，任何人均无权向司法出售国主管法院提出质疑司法出售的任何诉讼，除非赔偿请求由利害关系人提出，否则此类主管法院也不得对质疑司法出售的任何赔偿请求行使管辖权。不得对作为司法出售标的的船舶或对船舶的任何善意购买人或后续购买人行使任何救济措施。

4. No Person other than an Interested Personshall be  entitled to take any actionchallenging a Judicial Sale before a competent Court of the State of JudicialSale, and no such competent Court shall exercise its jurisdiction over anyclaim challenging a Judicial Sale unless it is made by an Interested Person. Noremedies shall be exercised either against the Ship the subject of  the Judicial Sale or against any  bona fidePurchaser or Subsequent Purchaser of that Ship.

5.如果没有证据证明存在第8条所述情况，根据第5条签发的证书即应构成司法出售已经发生并具有第4条所述效力的确凿证据，但不应成为确定任何人在任何其他方面权利的任何程序中的确凿证据。

5. In the  absence of  proof that a  circumstance referred to inarticle 8 exists, a Certificate issued in accordance with article 5 shallconstitute conclusive evidence thatthe Judicial Sale has taken place and has the effect provided for in article 4,but shall not be conclusive evidence  inany proceeding to establish the rights of any Person in any other respect. 

第8条.可暂停或拒绝承认的情况

Article 8. Circumstances in whichRecognition 

may be suspended or refused

只有在以下段落所述情况下，才能暂停或拒绝承认司法出售：

Recognition of a Judicial Sale may be suspendedor refused only in the circumstances provided for in the following paragraphs:

(a)如果利害关系人向法院提供显示在司法出售之时船舶实际上不在司法出售国管辖范围内的证据，缔约国法院可以应利害关系人的请求拒绝承认司法出售。

(a)Recognition of a Judicial Sale may berefused by a Court of a State Party,at the request of an Interested Person ifthat Interested Person furnishes to the Court proof that  at the time of the Judicial Sale, the Shipwas not physically within the jurisdiction of the State of Judicial Sale.

(b)对司法出售的承认可

(b)Recognition of a Judicial Sale may be:

㈠由缔约国的法院应利害关系人的请求予以暂停，先决条件是，该利害关系人向法院提供显示经通知购买人或后续购买人已依照第7条第3款提起法律诉讼并且司法出售国主管法院已经中止司法出售的效力；或者

(i)Suspended by a Court of a State Party,atthe request of an Interested Person, if that Interested Person furnishes to theCourt proof that a legal proceeding pursuant to paragraph 3 of article 7 hasbeen commenced on notice to the Purchaser or Subsequent Purchaser and that thecompetent Court of the State of Judicial Sale has suspended the effect of theJudicial Sale; or

㈡由缔约国的法院应利害关系人的请求予以拒绝，先决条件是，该利害关系人向法院提供证据，显示司法出售国主管法院在不允许再行上诉的判决或类似司法文件中宣布，在暂停或不暂停司法出售的法律效力之后，司法出售及其效力已经失效。

(ii)Refused by a Court of a State Party, atthe request of an Interested Person,if that Interested Person furnishes to theCourt proof that the competent Court of the State of Judicial Sale in ajudgment or similar judicial document no longer subject  to appeal has subsequently nullified the Judicial Sale and itseffects,either after suspension or without suspension of the legal effect ofthe Judicial Sale.

(c)如果寻求承认的一缔约国的法院认定，承认司法出售明显违背该缔约国的公共政策，则也可拒绝承认司法出售。

(c)Recognition of a Judicial Sale may alsobe refused if the Court in a State Party in which Recognition is sought findsthat Recognition of the Judicial Sale would be manifestly contrary to thepublic policy of that State Party.

第9条.保留

Article 9. Reservation

缔约国可通过保留的方式将本公约的适用范围限定于承认在缔约国进行的司法出售。

State parties may by reservation restrictapplication of this Convention to recognition of Judicial Sales conducted inState Parties.

第10条.与其他国际文书的关系

Article 10. Relations with other InternationalInstruments

本公约概不减损在任何其他双边或多边公约、文书或协议或礼让原则下承认司法出售的任何其他依据。

Nothing in this Convention shall derogate from any other basis  for the Recognition of Judicial Sales underany other bilateral or multilateral Convention, Instrument or agreement or principle of comity.